Gradient Biotech

ECG morphology phenotyping

Move beyond rhythm and rate into waveform shape — delineate P/Q/R/S/T landmarks on a recording, derive PR, QRS, QT/QTc, ST-level, and T-wave metrics per beat, and verify the placement visually in the waveform explorer.

Research question

What are the ECG interval and morphology characteristics (PR, QRS duration, QT/QTc, ST level) of this recording, and are the fiducial landmarks placed reliably enough to trust the summaries?

Who this is for

  • Cardiovascular researchers studying conduction and repolarization (QT/QTc, QRS) rather than autonomic variability
  • Drug-safety and cardiac-safety teams screening interval changes across recordings
  • Labs that already detect R-peaks and want clinically familiar ECG phenotype metrics

Data requirements

DataRequiredPurpose
ECG waveformYesCleaning, R-peak detection, and delineation
WFDB pair, CSV, or EDFSupported formatsAutomatic format detection on upload
Completed preprocess runRecommendedReuses detected R-peaks so morphology covers the same beats

Workflow

Create study → Upload ECG → Preprocess → Delineate ECG → Explorer (landmark overlay) → Interpret (optional)

Step 1 — Upload and preprocess

Upload an ECG dataset, then go to Analyze → Signal Explorer and run Preprocess ECG on the Overview tab. This detects R-peaks and scores signal quality.

Step 2 — Delineate ECG

Click Delineate ECG in the morphology panel. The pipeline reuses the preprocess R-peaks, locates P/Q/R/S/T fiducials, and computes per-beat and recording-level morphology:

MetricDescription
PR intervalP-wave onset to QRS onset
QRS durationQRS onset to offset
QT / QTcQRS onset to T-offset, rate-corrected (Bazett and Fridericia)
ST levelAmplitude at J-point + 60 ms relative to the isoelectric baseline
T amplitudeT-peak amplitude relative to baseline

The panel reports median and IQR per interval plus the percentage of beats successfully delineated.

Step 3 — Verify in the explorer

Open the Explorer tab and enable the Landmarks toggle. Zoom to a few beats to see color-coded P/Q/R/S/T markers on the trace — use this to confirm delineation quality before trusting the summaries.

Step 4 — Interpret (optional)

Run Interpret to get a descriptive narrative that cites the computed morphology metrics. QTc is flagged as assuming sinus rhythm, and a caveat is added when few beats are delineated.

Expected outputs

  • Per-beat fiducial landmarks and morphology intervals
  • Recording-level median/IQR for PR, QRS, QT, QTc, ST, and T-wave metrics
  • Percentage of beats delineated as a quality gate
  • Landmark overlay in the waveform explorer
  • AI narrative citing morphology metrics (when interpretation is run)

Example insight

Median QTc (Bazett) is prolonged relative to typical resting norms with a normal QRS duration, and 96% of beats were delineated — the repolarization signal is reliable, but QTc should be read in the context of the recording's rhythm stability.

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